合金鋁板的電解著色具有良好的裝飾性，因此在國內(nèi)外得到廣泛應(yīng)用，特別是在建筑鋁型材的表面處理生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用較為普遍。
Electrolytic coloring of aluminum alloy has good decoration, so it has been widely applied at home and abroad, especially in the surface treatment of building aluminum profile.
目前主要工藝是采用錫-鎳混合鹽電解著色，生產(chǎn)出的產(chǎn)品顏色以香檳色為主，相對于單鎳鹽著色，錫-鎳混合鹽電解著色的產(chǎn)品顏色光亮，色調(diào)飽滿；存在的主要問題是產(chǎn)品存在色差，鋁型材生產(chǎn)過程中的擠壓工藝和氧化著色工藝的不合理都會(huì)導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)品出現(xiàn)色差。
The main process is the use of Sn Ni mixed salt electrolytic coloring, produce the product color to champagne, compared with single nickel salt coloring, tin nickel mixed salt electrolytic coloring products of bright colors, full color; the main problem is the product difference, extrusion process and oxidation coloring process for aluminum production process the unreasonable will lead to product color.
擠壓工藝對合金鋁板的氧化著色的影響主要是模具設(shè)計(jì)、5052鋁板擠壓溫度、擠壓速度、冷卻方式等對擠出型材表面狀態(tài)和組織均勻性的影響。模具設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)能使進(jìn)料充分的揉合，否則容易出現(xiàn)亮（暗）帶缺陷，同一根型材上都可能出現(xiàn)分色；同時(shí)，模具狀態(tài)及型材表面的擠壓紋等也影響氧化著色。擠壓溫度、速度、冷卻方式及冷卻時(shí)間不同，使型材組織不均一，也會(huì)產(chǎn)生色差。
The influence of extrusion process on the oxidation and coloring of aluminum alloy is mainly affected by die design, 5052 aluminum extrusion temperature, extrusion speed and cooling way on the surface state and uniformity of extruded profiles. The mold design should make full feed blend, or prone to bright (dark) with defects, may appear color one profile; at the same time, the state and the surface profile extrusion mold lines also affect oxidation coloring. The extrusion temperature, speed, cooling mode and cooling time are different, so that the profile of the profile is not uniform and the color difference will be produced.

陽極氧化對合金鋁板電解著色的色差有很重要的影響，尤其是在立式氧化線生產(chǎn)過程中很容易出現(xiàn)兩頭色，立式氧化槽深7.5m,上下槽液容易產(chǎn)生溫差，溫度對陽極氧化有重要的影響，溫度高，氧化槽液對氧化膜的溶解加劇，多孔型陽極氧化膜表面的孔徑會(huì)加大，反之，多孔型陽極氧化膜表面的孔徑較小。另外，溫度高，陽極氧化膜的孔隙率較高，反之較低。
Have a very important influence on electrolytic coloring of anodic oxidation of aluminum alloy color, especially in the production line of vertical oxidation process is prone to two color, vertical oxidization groove depth 7.5m, upper and lower tank is easy to produce temperature difference, the temperature has great influence on the anodic oxidation, high temperature oxidation bath on the dissolution of oxide film increased porous anodic oxide film, the surface will increase, on the contrary, the porous anodic oxide film on the surface of the small aperture. In addition, the temperature is high, the porosity of the anodic oxide film is higher, and vice versa is lower.
合金鋁板電解著色主要是使著色液的金屬離子在氧化膜的微孔內(nèi)的阻擋層的表面上進(jìn)行電化學(xué)還原反應(yīng)，使得著色液中的金屬離子沉積在陽極氧化膜孔的底部，對入射光發(fā)生散射而顯現(xiàn)出不同的顏色，微孔中沉積的物質(zhì)越多，則顏色越深。在通過相同的電量的條件下，溫度高與低的部位上沉積等量的金屬或金屬化合物，對于孔隙率高和表面孔徑大的部位，平均每個(gè)孔的沉積物要少。
Electrolytic coloring aluminium alloy is mainly metal ions in oxide coloring solution within the pores of the barrier layer on the surface of the electrochemical reduction reaction, the deposition of metallic ions in liquid coloring anodic oxide film in the bottom of the hole, the incident light scattering and showing a different color, the more material micro deposition, color more deep. The same amount of metal or metal compound is deposited on the part with high and low temperature through the same electric quantity. For the location with high porosity and large surface aperture, the average pore sediment is less.